![]() ![]() When King James I came to the throne, the Protestants had gained control of England and the Church of England needed a Bible for the churches and for the people. Very few of the margin notes appeared in the Apocrypha books. In editions that did contain the Apocrypha, the preface stated that these books did not have the authority and inspiration of the other books of the Bible but could be read for edification. The 1560 edition of the Geneva Bible contained the Apocrypha books (a group of books written between 200 BC and AD 400, which are not considered inspired by most Protestant denominations). Lots of notes! The margins of most pages contained notes on the material, written from the Calvinist perspective of the translators (and many written by John Calvin himself). It was like our study Bibles of today, with study guides, cross-referencing, introductions to each Bible book, maps, tables, illustrations, and notes. The Geneva Bible was the first mass-produced Bible printed on a mechanical printing press and made directly available to everyone (up until this time, usually only priests and scholars and some nobility had copies of the Bible). It was carried to America by the Puritans on the Mayflower. The Geneva Bible was used in Geneva as well as England. In the past, people were accustomed to hearing the Bible read in church, but the Geneva Bible was meant for families and individuals to read at home, as well as to be read in church. The reformers felt it was important that everybody have a Bible in their own language. Some of these scholars translated the Geneva Bible, led by William Whittingham. Why Switzerland? Because Queen Mary I in England was persecuting Protestant leaders, causing many of them to flee to Geneva, Switzerland, where they were under the leadership of John Calvin. This Bible was translated and first published in Switzerland in 1560. In this article, we will compare the Geneva Bible and the King James Version, both of which had a significant impact on the newly formed Protestant churches and the faith of believers who finally had their own Bible in their own language. The Geneva Bible was published in 1560, the Bishops Bible in 1568, and finally the Authorized King James Version in 1611. Miles Coverdale used Tyndale’s work and his own translations to produce the Great Bible in 1539, the first authorized version by the new Church of England after the English Reformation. This was the first translation into English from Greek and Hebrew manuscripts (along with the Latin Vulgate). ![]() He had completed the New Testament and part of the Old Testament his translation was completed by Miles Coverdale in 1535. William Tyndale started translating the Tyndale Bible into Early Modern English, but the Roman Catholic Church had him burned at the stake before he could finish. The first complete translation of the Bible (into Middle English) was by the early English reformer John Wyclyffe in 1382. Special thanks to Tyndale House Publishers for permission to use the New Living Translation of the Bible.Do you know when the Bible was first translated into the English language? Partial translations of the Bible into Old English go back as far as the 7 th century. In the end, the NLT is the result of precise scholarship conveyed in living language. More than 90 Bible scholars, along with a group of accomplished English stylists, worked toward that goal. The result is a translation that is both exegetically accurate and idiomatically powerful. ![]() Their goal was to be both faithful to the ancient texts and eminently readable. The translators first struggled with the meaning of the words and phrases in the ancient context then they rendered the message into clear, natural English. They clarified difficult metaphors and terms to aid in the reader's understanding. On the other hand, the NLT translators rendered the message more dynamically when the literal rendering was hard to understand, was misleading, or yielded archaic or foreign wording. Many words and phrases were rendered literally and consistently into English, preserving essential literary and rhetorical devices, ancient metaphors, and word choices that give structure to the text and provide echoes of meaning from one passage to the next. On the one hand, they translated as simply and literally as possible when that approach yielded an accurate, clear, and natural English text. As they did so, they kept the concerns of both formal-equivalence and dynamic-equivalence in mind. The translators of the New Living Translation set out to render the message of the original texts of Scripture into clear, contemporary English. ![]()
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